Air-source electric heat pumps are year-round space-conditioning systems capable of providing heating, cooling, and domestic hot water in a single piece of equipment. They often offer a lower capital cost and lower operating cost than electric resistance heating and, in some cases, gas heating.

After a decade of development, ice storage for small unitary air conditioners is still expensive but has the potential to be competitive with several utility-scale electricity storage technologies. It remains to be seen if the latest generation of equipment can live up to manufacturer projections.